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\u968f\u7740\u5168\u7403\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u7eb7\u7eb7\u51fa\u53f0\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6cd5\u89c4\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5bf9\u542b\u6c5e\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65bd\u52a0\u9650\u5236\u3002\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u73af\u5883\u89c4\u5212\u7f72(UNEP)\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u6c5e\u7684\u6c34\u4fe3\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u81ea2017\u5e74\u751f\u6548\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7100\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u627f\u8bfa\u51cf\u5c11\u6c5e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u6392\u653e\u3002\u6839\u636e\u516c\u7ea6\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u52302021\u5e74\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7f14\u7ea6\u65b9\u9700\u9010\u6b65\u6dd8\u6c70\u5305\u62ec\u5f02\u8f9b\u9178\u6c5e\u5728\u5185\u7684\u542b\u6c5e\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b27\u76df\u5728\u6c5e\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u8d70\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u524d\u5217\u3002\u6839\u636eREACH\u6cd5\u89c4(EC) No 1907\/2006\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5f02\u8f9b\u9178\u6c5e\u88ab\u5217\u4e3a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5173\u6ce8\u7269\u8d28(SVHC)\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u5217\u5165\u6388\u6743\u7269\u8d28\u6e05\u5355\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4efb\u4f55\u542b\u6709\u8be5\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u5176\u6d53\u5ea6\u82e5\u8d85\u8fc70.1%\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5411\u6b27\u6d32\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40(ECHA)\u901a\u62a5\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u4e34\u4f7f\u7528\u7981\u4ee4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6b27\u76dfRoHS\u6307\u4ee42011\/65\/EU\u4e5f\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u7535\u6c14\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\u6c5e\u542b\u91cf\u4e0d\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc7\u91cd\u91cf\u76840.1%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u90e8\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u300a"\u5341\u4e09\u4e94"\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u6709\u673a\u7269\u6c61\u67d3\u9632\u6cbb\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u6848\u300b\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8981\u9010\u6b65\u6dd8\u6c70\u542b\u6c5e\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u300a\u5371\u9669\u5e9f\u7269\u540d\u5f55\u300b\u4e5f\u5c06\u542b\u6c5e\u5e9f\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5217\u4e3aHW29\u7c7b\u5371\u9669\u5e9f\u7269\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4e25\u683c\u6267\u884c\u8f6c\u79fb\u8054\u5355\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5904\u7f6e\u30022018\u5e74\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u300a\u571f\u58e4\u6c61\u67d3\u9632\u6cbb\u6cd5\u300b\u5219\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u5bf9\u91cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u9632\u6cbb\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5bf9\u542b\u6c5e\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u6392\u653e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u9650\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f72(EPA)\u540c\u6837\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e25\u5389\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u6839\u636e\u300a\u6e05\u6d01\u7a7a\u6c14\u6cd5\u300b\u548c\u300a\u8d44\u6e90\u4fdd\u62a4\u53ca\u6062\u590d\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u542b\u6c5e\u4ea7\u54c1\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u7279\u522b\u7533\u62a5\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002EPA\u8fd8\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e13\u95e8\u9488\u5bf9\u5de5\u4e1a\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6c5e\u548c\u7a7a\u6c14\u6bd2\u7269\u6807\u51c6(MATS)\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u76f8\u5173\u4f01\u4e1a\u5b89\u88c5\u4f73\u53ef\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u6280\u672f(BACT)\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6c5e\u6392\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u539a\u751f\u52b3\u52a8\u7701\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u300a\u98df\u54c1\u536b\u751f\u6cd5\u300b\u53ca\u5176\u5b9e\u65bd\u7ec6\u5219\uff0c\u5bf9\u98df\u54c1\u63a5\u89e6\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u6c5e\u542b\u91cf\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e25\u683c\u9650\u503c\u3002\u97e9\u56fd\u73af\u5883\u90e8\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u300a\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u6ce8\u518c\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u6848\u300b(K-REACH)\uff0c\u5bf9\u542b\u6c5e\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u8fdb\u53e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u65bd\u5168\u9762\u7ba1\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cd5\u89c4\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u5bf9\u5f02\u8f9b\u9178\u6c5e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u9700\u8981\u6295\u5165\u66f4\u591a\u8d44\u6e90\u7528\u4e8e\u5408\u89c4\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u5e9f\u5f03\u7269\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5b9e\u65bd\u5458\u5de5\u5065\u5eb7\u76d1\u6d4b\u8ba1\u5212\u7b49\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9ad8\u6602\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u6210\u672c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u5f00\u59cb\u5bfb\u6c42\u66f4\u73af\u4fdd\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u636e\u4f30\u7b97\uff0c\u4ec5\u5728\u6b27\u76df\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u56e0\u6c5e\u9650\u5236\u6cd5\u89c4\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u6210\u672c\u5c31\u9ad8\u8fbe\u6570\u4ebf\u6b27\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u63a2\u7d22\uff1a\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u5230\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u5f02\u8f9b\u9178\u6c5e\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5316\u5de5\u884c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u6709\u673a\u9521\u7c7b\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5230\u65b0\u578b\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u5386\u7a0b\u3002\u9996\u5148\u8fdb\u5165\u89c6\u91ce\u7684\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u6709\u673a\u9521\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5982\u4e8c\u6708\u6842\u9178\u4e8c\u4e01\u57fa\u9521(DBTDL)\u548c\u8f9b\u9178\u4e9a\u9521\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u50a8\u5b58\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cDBTDL\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u91cf\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6548\u679c\uff1b\u800c\u8f9b\u9178\u4e9a\u9521\u5219\u5bb9\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ea7\u54c1\u53d8\u8272\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u7ec8\u5236\u54c1\u7684\u5916\u89c2\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c06\u76ee\u5149\u6295\u5411\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u73af\u4fdd\u7684\u80fa\u7c7b\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d4\u80fa\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u56e0\u5176\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u6bd2\u6027\u53d7\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002N,N’-\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u4e59\u4e8c\u80fa(DMEA)\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5f02\u6c30\u9178\u916f\u4e0e\u591a\u5143\u9187\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u6539\u5584\u6ce1\u6cab\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8\u3001\u6613\u5438\u6f6e\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u6027\u548c\u590d\u914d\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u7eb3\u7c73\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u70ed\u70b9\u3002\u6c27\u5316\u950c(ZnO)\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u949b(TiO2)\u7b49\u7eb3\u7c73\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53cb\u597d\u6027\u3002\u4ee5ZnO\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u7c92\u5f84\u4ec5\u4e3a\u51e0\u5341\u7eb3\u7c73\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u539f\u5b50\u6bd4\u4f8b\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u5927\u5927\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u6dfb\u52a0\u91cf\u4e0b\uff0c\u7eb3\u7c73ZnO\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u4f20\u7edf\u6709\u673a\u9521\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u76841.5\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u632f\u594b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u57fa\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5229\u7528\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u53d1\u9175\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u9176\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5982\u8102\u80aa\u9176\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u9176\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5929\u7136\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e13\u4e00\u6027\u548c\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5e38\u6e29\u5e38\u538b\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u50ac\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u5047\u4e1d\u9175\u6bcd\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u9176Lipase PS-CG\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u50ac\u5316\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u6bd2\u526f\u4ea7\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u6bd4\u8f83\u5404\u7c7b\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u683c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u70b9<\/th>\n\u6f5c\u5728\u7f3a\u70b9<\/th>\n\u5178\u578b\u4ee3\u8868<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u6709\u673a\u9521\u50ac\u5316\u5242<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u50ac\u5316\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f<\/td>\n\u6bd2\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u50a8\u5b58\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5dee<\/td>\nDBTDL, \u8f9b\u9178\u4e9a\u9521<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u80fa\u7c7b\u50ac\u5316\u5242<\/td>\n\u73af\u4fdd\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u4ea7\u54c1\u5916\u89c2<\/td>\n\u6613\u6325\u53d1\uff0c\u5438\u6f6e\u6027\u5f3a<\/td>\nDMEA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u53cb\u597d<\/td>\n\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u5206\u6563\u6027\u9700\u6539\u8fdb<\/td>\nZnO, TiO2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u751f\u7269\u57fa\u50ac\u5316\u5242<\/td>\n\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u6bd2\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u6e29\u548c<\/td>\n\u50ac\u5316\u6548\u7387\u6709\u5f85\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8<\/td>\nLipase PS-CG<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5404\u7c7b\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u786c\u8d28\u6ce1\u6cab\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u590d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u53d1\u6ce1\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u4ea4\u8054\u5ea6\u548c\u6ce1\u6cab\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u590d\u5408\u50ac\u5316\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5411\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u7814\u53d1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n

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\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a
\n[1] Smith J., et al. (2019). Mercury catalysts in polyurethane foams: Environmental impacts and alternatives. Journal of Hazardous Materials.
\n[2] Wang L., et al. (2020). Recent advances in non-mercury catalysts for polyurethane synthesis. Chemical Engineering Journal.
\n[3] Zhang X., et al. (2021). Smart responsive catalysts for sustainable polyurethane production. Green Chemistry.
\n[4] European Chemicals Agency (2018). Guidance on restrictions under REACH.
\n[5] United Nations Environment Programme (2017). Minamata Convention on Mercury: Technical background information.<\/p>\n

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